Fan Chunhai, Analytical Chemistry & Chemical Biology | Academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Dean, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University (SJTU) Executive Dean, SJTU School of Translational Medicine，Executive Vice Dean, SJTU Institute of Molecular Medicine

Introduction

A seed of a dream was planted, quietly taking root and flourishing under the nourishment of sunlight and rain. This is the story of a chemical biologist’s aspirations, explorations, and dedication.

He studied under Nobel laureate Professor Alan J. Heeger, who opened a gateway to a new scientific world. There, he witnessed a physicist’s profound understanding of chemistry and boundless curiosity for biochemistry.

Bridging clinical practice and collaborating with Renji Hospital, he tightly integrates basic research with clinical applications, advancing the fusion of medicine and science.

Following his footsteps, we glimpse his journey, appreciate his contributions to science and humanity, and celebrate his remarkable achievements.

He is the youngest CAS Academician in Shanghai. He once said, “On the path of science, every exploration is an act of reverence for the unknown; every discovery is an ode to life.”

 The Scientist’s Origins

Zhangjiagang, Jiangsu Province—a small riverside town cradled by the Yangtze River—embodies the gentle charm of Jiangnan’s water towns. Its rivers and streams, like silken ribbons, weave through the corridors of time. For centuries, this land has nurtured scholars and ignited sparks of wisdom.

This is Fan Chunhai’s hometown.

“I was born into an ordinary family in Zhangjiagang. In the 1970s, the town was not affluent, but education was deeply valued. During my high school years, I developed a passion for chemistry and physics, unaware this interest would shape my career and future.”

Liangfeng High School, one of Zhangjiagang’s premier institutions and Fan’s alma mater, remains a place he frequently revisits. Here, the seeds of his future research were sown.

“I often recall my three years at Liangfeng. Though simple, those days were filled with the joy of exploration and discovery. Teachers and classmates ignited my love for science and laid the groundwork for my research journey.”

After excelling in the college entrance exam, Fan faced a pivotal decision: choosing a major. He ultimately selected Biochemistry at Nanjing University. At the time, he knew little about the field—he simply loved chemistry but sought to transcend its boundaries, opting for an interdisciplinary path bridging chemistry and biology.

Nanjing University, one of China’s most prestigious institutions, provided Fan with systematic training in biochemistry and introduced him to mentors who would shape his life: Professor Zhu Dexu, Academician Chen Hongyuan, and Professor Li Genxi—leading figures in biochemistry and analytical chemistry who offered both academic inspiration and life guidance.

Professor Zhu Dexu, a pioneer in China’s biopharmaceutical R&D, was instrumental in developing the nation’s heparin and urokinase industries, laying foundations for biopharmaceutical advancements. As Fan’s doctoral advisor, he co-guided Fan’s thesis with Professor Li Genxi, Zhu’s postdoctoral fellow and Academician Chen’s protégé.

Academician Chen Hongyuan, a renowned analytical chemist, pioneered the concept of “life analytical chemistry.” His innovations in biomolecular detection technologies and establishment of the State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Sciences propelled the integration of analytical chemistry and life sciences. His collaboration with Professor Zhu positioned Fan at the forefront of interdisciplinary research.

Fan’s time at Nanjing University not only solidified his academic foundation but also ignited his passion for research. In 2000, he earned his Ph.D. in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, marking the official start of his scientific career.

“At Nanjing University, my mentors taught me the transformative power of interdisciplinary collaboration.”

After his doctorate, Fan’s horizons broadened. He sought cutting-edge platforms, and a serendipitous opportunity drew his gaze across the Pacific.

 Homeward Bound and Pioneering New Frontiers

In 2004, armed with international accolades and experience, Fan returned to China. Joining the Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics (SINAP), CAS, under the “Hundred Talents Program,” he embarked on a new chapter.

“Returning was a life-defining choice. I yearned to contribute my overseas knowledge to China’s scientific advancement. Joining SINAP was the first step toward that vision.”

His arrival coincided with the approval of the Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility (SSRF), a milestone in China’s large-scale scientific infrastructure. Though not a core builder, Fan witnessed its development as an experimental user.

“Constructing SSRF was a formidable task demanding interdisciplinary teamwork. Every breakthrough filled us with pride and exhilaration.”

As molecular machines emerged as a scientific frontier, Fan focused on DNA nanotechnology. SSRF’s ability to “illuminate” material structures and molecular dynamics became a vital asset. In 2006, collaborating with Hu Jun and Academician He Lin (SJTU), Fan created a nanoscale map of China using DNA assembly—a feat published in Chinese Science Bulletin, showcasing Chinese innovation globally.

In 2008, Fan co-founded the Laboratory of Physical Biology with Hu Jun, assembling a multidisciplinary team integrating physics, chemistry, and biology. This unique environment accelerated biosensor research and expanded into new frontiers. Their work on “Mechanisms, Regulation, and Bioanalytical Applications of Biomolecular Interfacial Processes” won the National Natural Science Award (Second Class) in 2016.

SSRF’s success provided critical technical support for Fan’s biosensor research.

“SSRF’s high-intensity X-rays enhanced experimental precision and efficiency. It taught me that scientific value lies not just in theoretical innovation but also in having the right tools.”

Under Fan’s leadership, SINAP’s physical biology team achieved continuous breakthroughs. Reflecting on this journey, Fan feels profound honor: “I am fortunate to live in an era where I can contribute to national science and create advancements benefiting humanity.”

 Integrating Medicine and Research—A Partnership with Renji

In 2018, Fan brought his expertise and passion to Shanghai Jiao Tong University (SJTU). Here, he deepened his biosensor research and seized a new opportunity: the imminent completion of the Shanghai Translational Medicine Facility. This infrastructure offered a vast platform for translating basic research into clinical applications.

“Joining SJTU was a privilege. Its rich academic heritage and inclusive culture, coupled with clinical resources from affiliated hospitals, revealed immense potential for merging science with clinical practice.”

In November 2019, Fan was elected CAS Academician at age 45, becoming Shanghai’s youngest recipient—a milestone celebrated widely.

Yet Fan felt his responsibilities had grown heavier. Translational medicine thrives on bidirectional exchange between basic research and clinical practice. Fan integrated his biosensor innovations with clinical needs, driving transformative technologies. He also prioritized building multidisciplinary teams and nurturing talent.

Recalling his graduate years, Fan considers himself fortunate. His mentors’ encouragement allowed him to explore freely. Today, he fosters a similarly open environment for his students and team, empowering their creativity.

Fan’s team—spanning physics, chemistry, and biology—pioneers new methods and technologies for medical translation, achieving remarkable results.

“I believe interdisciplinary collaboration fuels innovation. Each member contributes unique perspectives, creating a dynamic synergy that propels our research.”

For Fan, merging basic research with clinical applications is like cultivating fertile soil—a space where diverse ideas flourish. While scientists cannot predict specific outcomes, nurturing creativity and freedom allows innovation to emerge organically.

“In our lab, I encourage students to transcend disciplinary boundaries. We avoid preset goals, instead fostering an open environment where ideas collide and spark. This ecosystem nurtures deep basic research while serving as a testing ground for clinical applications. Failure is part of the journey toward success.”

Fan’s collaboration with Renji Hospital epitomizes this synergy.

“Renji’s world-class medical resources and clinicians enable research to directly serve patients, accelerating the integration of science and practice.”

In 2019, Fan, Academician Tan Weihong, and colleagues established the Shanghai Key Laboratory of Nucleic Acid Chemistry and Nanomedicine at Renji, adding a new interdisciplinary dimension to the hospital.

In 2022, Fan collaborated with Renji’s Professor Zuo Xiaolei and Academician Xia Qiang to publish “Nucleic Acid Tests for Clinical Translation” in Chemical Reviews. The review summarized new principles and methods for nucleic acid testing, highlighted clinical advances, and proposed forward-looking visions—such as point-of-care devices, wearable sensors, nanoscale detection, and intelligent DNA/RNA robots. These innovations promise smarter, personalized diagnostics and therapies.

“We focus on non-invasive visualization of tumor heterogeneity and dynamic assessment of treatment efficacy. These technologies will transform our understanding and intervention in disease progression.”

Fan also pioneered breakthroughs in DNA data storage, contributing to the “DNA Storage Blue Paper,” which charts the field’s global development.

“DNA storage merges biotechnology with information technology, offering novel solutions for big data. Its potential will grow as technology advances.”

Fan’s scientific journey is one of relentless exploration and innovation, embracing challenges with an open mind.

 Illuminating the Future Through Science Outreach

For Fan, science communication is as vital as research. Disseminating knowledge is indispensable for elevating public literacy and driving societal progress.

“Outreach is both a duty and a mission. Science’s power lies not only in lab discoveries but in how it illuminates lives and solves real-world problems.”

As Executive Director of the “Academician and Expert Science Interpretation Group”—comprising over 60 CAS/CAE academicians and 300 experts—Fan mobilizes scientists to engage the public.

“Leading this group is an honor and a profound responsibility. We aim to bring scientists out of labs to share knowledge accessibly. While China leads in research, public science engagement lags. Growing public interest makes this a vital initiative for societal well-being.”

At Shanghai’s science events, Fan shares insights to spark curiosity about science’s wonders, spread the scientific spirit.

Fan’s “Hai Ke Science Forum” exemplifies innovative outreach.

“This platform empowers Chinese scientists to explain complex phenomena in relatable terms.”

Under Fan’s guidance, the forum’s audience grew from hundreds to nearly 20,000, showcasing science communication’s vast potential.

“Seeing rising public engagement is deeply rewarding. Widespread scientific curiosity is essential for a thriving research ecosystem.”

Fan views outreach as a legacy shaping national progress and quality of life.

“We strive to plant the seeds of scientific spirit in hearts and minds, turning knowledge into a force for societal advancement. This is our privilege and responsibility as scientists.”

Editor: Chen Qing @ ShanghaiDoctor.cn

If you'd like to contact Doctor Fan, please be free to let us know at chenqing@ShanghaiDoctor.cn. 

Note: Chinese Sources from “The Path of Benevolent Medicine” which was published in 2024. It records 90 important medical figures in the history of Renji Hospital. Yewen Renyi (ShanghaiDoctor.cn) team was one of the major writers of the book and is authorized by Renji hospital to create English version on the website of ShanghaiDoctor.cn